{"id":114956,"date":"2015-03-09T11:57:35","date_gmt":"2015-03-09T10:57:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/muzej-novi.local\/\/mak\/"},"modified":"2021-11-23T10:54:09","modified_gmt":"2021-11-23T09:54:09","slug":"mak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/djukic.online\/lat\/mak\/","title":{"rendered":"Arheobotani\u010dka ba\u0161ta Muzeja Vojvodine: Mak (Papaver somniferum L.)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Mak je jedna od najstarijih kulturnih biljaka. Gaji se ve\u0107 nekoliko hiljada godina kao hranljiva, lekovita i industrijska biljka – uljarica. Me\u0111utim, mak ne pripada grupi tzv. „osam primarnih useva” koje su domestifikovane u oblasti „Plodnog polumeseca” na Bliskom istoku. Pretpostavlja se da je mak priveden u kulturu u oblasti zapadnog Mediterana i odatle naknadno prenet u jugoisto\u010dnu Evropu. Mak se u Vojvodini uzgaja u velikom stilu od bronzanog doba. A svi znamo i zbog \u010dega:<\/p>\n

„… mesto leba mesa bela,<\/em>
princes krofne – vangla cela,<\/em>
suvih šljiva i koljiva<\/em>
i rezance s’ makom<\/em>
E, kad se samo setim<\/em>
al’ se nekad dobro jelo, baš”<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110or\u0111e Balaševi\u0107, Al’ se nekad dobro jelo<\/p>\n

U Vojvodini se na njivama još uvek mo\u017ee videti mak sa ljubi\u010dastim ili plavi\u010dastim cvetovima. \u010caure uzgajanog maka su krupne i sadr\u017ee mnogo semena. On se pre svega koristi za proizvodnju vojvo\u0111anskih specijaliteta – rezanaca ili štrudli sa makom. Makovo seme je veoma hranljivo. Ono \u010dak sadr\u017ei više kalorija nego meso. Makovo seme je veoma sitno, bubre\u017eastog oblika i golubije boje. Ima karakteristi\u010dnu mre\u017eu šestougaonih okana koju grade nabori semenog omota\u010da. Seme sadr\u017ei 45–55% ulja, 20% belan\u010devina, sluzi itd. Nema alkaloida – seme maka nije otrovno! Me\u0111utim, iz \u010daura se dobija opijum – na vazduhu zgusnut i osušeni mle\u010dni sok koji curi iz obrezanih zelenih \u010daura opijumskog maka.<\/p>\n

Ja sam \u010dula, \u017eeni mi se dragi.<\/em>
Bud se \u017eeni, zlosretno mu bilo,<\/em>
Što i mene ne zva na veselje,<\/em>
Divne bih mu ponijela dare:<\/em>
…<\/em>
Tre\u0107u kitu maka bijeloga,<\/em>
da se smakne s ovoga svijeta.<\/em><\/p>\n

Narodna pesma<\/em><\/p>\n

Na osnovu ovih stihova znamo da je naš narod odavno znao da je mak otrovan i to da je mak sa belim cvetovima najotrovniji. Od maka sa belim cvetovima se dobija najja\u010di opijum, tj, opijum koji ima najviše morfina. Sve druge vrste maka daju slabiji opijum.
Makove stabljike su nekada bili i sirotinjski ogrev u Vojvodini.<\/p>\n

Aleksandar Medovi\u0107, kustos – arheobotani\u010dar<\/p>\n

<\/object> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mak je jedna od najstarijih kulturnih biljaka. Gaji se ve\u0107 nekoliko hiljada godina kao hranljiva, lekovita i industrijska biljka – uljarica. Me\u0111utim, mak ne pripada grupi tzv. „osam primarnih useva” koje su domestifikovane u oblasti „Plodnog polumeseca” na Bliskom istoku. Pretpostavlja se da je mak priveden u kulturu u oblasti zapadnog Mediterana i odatle naknadno […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":114957,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[10173],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arheobotanicka-basta-muzeja-vojvodine-lat"],"yoast_head":"\nArheobotani\u010dka ba\u0161ta Muzeja Vojvodine: Mak (Papaver somniferum L.) - Muzej Vojvodine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Arheobotani\u010dka ba\u0161ta Muzeja Vojvodine: Mak (Papaver somniferum L.) - Muzej Vojvodine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mak je jedna od najstarijih kulturnih biljaka. 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